中学校园网组建
【摘 要】 中学校园网的组建，是一个较先进且非常实用的课题，主要从校园网的需求和作用进行分析。中学校园网的建立，是多媒体教学的重要基础，首先教师可以多渠道、多方位、多形式的进行教学，可以把教程放在网上实现教学资源的共享，进行远程的教育、交流；另外学生可以更加广阔的学习知识并与老师有多种形式的交流。网络的无处不在让学习的空间和时间都得到了较大的延伸，可有选择性的主动学习、提高自身综合素质。使校园的办公管理进入一种高效、节约、严谨的状态，从而发生质的飞跃。
中学校园网硬件系统的实施包括主干网、子网、服务器及各标准参数；软件系统的实施包括网间协议、操件平台、应用软件、网络管理等。
【关键词】 路由器 综合布线 局域网 对等网 主从网 防火墙
Summary
The set-up of campus network of middle school, is a more advanced and very more practical subject, analyse from the demand and function for campus network mainly. Foundation , middle school of campus network, important foundation, multimedia of teaching, teacher can multi-channel diversified at first, a multi-form one carry on teaching, can put the study course on the net the sharing of realizing teaching resources , carry on long-range education , exchange; Study knowledge and having diversified forms of exchanges with the teacher that students can be wider in addition. Because the network is ubiquitous, the space and time of study get greater extension, alternative initiative study , improving one's own overall qualities. Make the office administration of the campus enter high-efficiently , economizes , rigorous, a real-time qualitative leap.
Implementation , hardware of system in the implementation , middle school of campus network, including backbone , sub network , server , all standard parameter; Implementation of software, including agreement under network , speak pieces of platform , application software , network management (including virus taking precautions against , secret authentication ).
Keyword
Router Comprehensive wiring LAN Reciprocity network Principal and subordinate network Fire wall
目 录
引 言············································································································································ 3
一、校园网的需求分析················································································································· 4
1.教学方面：························································································································ 4
2．学校管理方面：··············································································································· 5
3．其它方面·························································································································· 6
二、校园网设计原则和设计目标··································································································· 7
1．设计原则·························································································································· 7
2．功能和目标······················································································································· 7
3．技术指标·························································································································· 8
三、校园网实施方案····················································································································· 8
1．校园网特点······················································································································· 8
2．设计分析·························································································································· 9
3．系统设计·························································································································· 9
4．网络主干设计················································································································· 10
5．模块化组网设计·············································································································· 12
6．网络可靠性设计·············································································································· 12
7．网络安全设计················································································································· 12
8．局域网综合布线·············································································································· 12
四、校园网的实施方案················································································································ 13
1．组建中小型办公局域网方案···························································································· 13
2．组建宿舍局域网方案······································································································· 15
3．搭建多媒体教学网·········································································································· 17
五、校园网络建设中网络安全问题······························································································ 18
1．网络病毒的防范·············································································································· 18
2．防火墙···························································································································· 18
3．用入侵检测系统·············································································································· 19
4．Web、Email、BBS的安全监测系统·················································································· 19
5．漏洞扫描系统················································································································· 19
6．IP盗用问题的解决·········································································································· 20
7．利用网络监听维护子网系统安全····················································································· 20
六、总 结································································································································· 21
附 录········································································································································ 22
参考文献····································································································································· 24
致 谢········································································································································ 24
Campus network of middle school is set up····················································································· 25
前 言
对于今天的学校来说，将信息技术融入到学习、教学及行政管理已是一种迫切的需要。普及信息科技,是提高素质教育的一项十分重要的内容,网络技术为提高我们的学习条件具有重要作用.目前教育改革已将计算机网络引入到学校教学的各个环节,引起了教学方法,教学手段,教学工具的重大变革,这些变革为实现教育现代化起到了巨大的推动作用,因此大力发展计算机教育特别是计算机网络教育.建设校园计算机网络系统已成为我国各教育部门,各级学校都已建成或正在拟建各种教学网络，发展和建设校园计算机网络将成为今后发展的必然趋势。学生的需要正使与技术一起成长起来的一代人的生活发生着前所未有的巨大变化。他们将进入对信息技术依赖程度越来越高的经济生活中。要为他们的将来做准备，就要让他们接触一生都赖以使用的工具。
学校作为生产知识和人才产品的“工厂”，学校更加直接地受到了INTERNET的冲击。知识和人才是教育的最终产品，其原材料则是信息。我们不难理解，“信息原材料”的获取将直接影响“最终产品”的质量。在INTERNET时代，学校的教学将发生根本性的变革，这些变革体现在：1．教育向社会延伸；2、专业化；3、时空的非限制性。教师上课可将有关课程材料制成教学幻灯片，在课堂上用生动活泼的方式向同学传授知识，同时这种上课的方式是交互式的，学生可以随时对问题发表自己的看法或向老师提出疑问，消除了学生与老师之间交流的隔阂；学校可以将考试资料、习题放在网络上，学生可通过联机在网上下载课件以及做各科的习题，这样老师便可以通过计算机对学生掌握知识的情况进行量化的、综合的分析，甚至可以通过网络进行一些标准化的考试。
最为重要的是，网络对学习过程本身产生了巨大影响。 网络能够消除学生与学习资源间的界限，使学生可以自由地在任何时间任何地方获取信息。它们扩大了课程的选择范围，使得学生能够查阅世界各地的图书馆，最大限度的获取世界各地的最新资料，增长学生的知识面。网络注定会在教育过程中发挥越来越重要的作用。同时，网络也成了学生、教育人员、父母及社会间更好进行交流的一种媒介。
一个理想的校园应该拥有属于自己的计算机网络，因此校方有必要建成一条能适应于多媒体教学的现代化计算机网络系统，通过运用先进的技术手段，现代化的教学工具培养出能适应信息时代所需的人才,并为科研、信息沟通服务。
一、校园网的需求分析
1.1中学校园网的必要性
是否在学校采用最先进的信息和传播技术是一个有决定性意义的问题，而且十分重要的是，学校应该处于影响整个社会深刻变革的中心地位。
随着计算机多媒体和网络技术的不断发展与普及，校园网信息系统的建设，是非常必要的，也是可行的。主要表现在：
1、当前校园网信息系统已经发展到了与校际互联、国际互联、静态资源共享、动态信息发布、远程教学和协作工作的阶段，发展对学校教育现代化的建设提出了越来越高的要求。
2、教育信息量的不断增多，使各级各类学校、家庭和教育管理部门对教育信息计算机管理和教育信息服务的要求越来越强烈。个人是否具有获得信息和处理信息的能力对于能否成功进入职业界和融入社会及文化环境都是个决定性的因素，因此学校应该培养所有学生具有驾驭和掌握这种技术的能力。另一方面，信息技术在作为青少年教育工具的同时也向青少年提供了前所未有的机会。新技术提供的机会以及它们在教学方面具有的优势都是很多的，特别是计算机和多媒体系统的使用有助于个人化的道路，每个学生在个人的学习道路上都可以按照自己的速度发展。
3、我国各级教育研究部门、软件开发单位、教学设备供应商和各级学校不断开发提供了各种在网络上运行的软件及多媒体系统，并且越来越形象化、实用化，迫切需要网络环境。
4、现代教育改革的需要。在校园网中将计算机引入教学各个环节，从而引起了教学方法，教学手段，教学工具的重大革新。对提高教学质量，推动我国教育现代化的发展起着不可估量的作用。网络又为学校的管理者和老师提供了获取资源、协同工作的有效途径。毫无疑问，校园网是学校提高管理水平、工作效率、改善教学质量的有力手段，是解决信息时代教育问题的基本工具。
5、随着经济发展，我国各级政府对教育的投入不断加大；计算机技术的飞速发展，使相应产品价格不断下降；同时人们的认识水平和经济实力不断提高。大量计算机进入学校和家庭，使得计算机用于教育信息管理和信息服务是完全可行的。 |
